Al-Jahr and Al-Hams in the context of Tajweed, the rules of proper Quranic recitation.
Meaning of Al-Jahr and Al-Hams in Tajweed
1. Al-Jahr (The Apparent):
- Definition: Al-Jahr refers to the controlled, restricted breath flow when pronouncing certain Arabic letters.
- Application: When a letter has Al-Jahr, you pronounce it with strength at its articulation point. The breath does not flow freely during its pronunciation.
- Examples of Al-Jahr Letters:
- Most Arabic letters fall into this category, except for the specific Al-Hams letters (which we’ll discuss next).
- For example, letters like ب (ba), ج (jeem), and د (dal) exhibit Al-Jahr characteristics.
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2. Al-Hams (The Whisper):
- Definition: Al-Hams involves the flow of breath when pronouncing certain Arabic letters.
- Application: When a letter has Al-Hams, you pronounce it with a running breath due to weakness in its origin. This weakens the reliance on the articulation point.
- Examples of Al-Hams Letters:
- The group of ten letters known as Al-Hams letters includes: أ (alif), ح (ha), خ (kha), ع (ain), غ (ghain), ح (ha), ص (sad), ض (dad), ط (ta), and ق (qaf).
- Notably, the letter ف (fa) is part of this group. If pronounced like the English “f,” it won’t have the necessary air flow. Adjusting the placement of the front teeth allows proper airflow for the Arabic ف (fa) sound.
- Some letters in this group also exhibit imprisonment of sound, which we’ll discuss in the next lesson.
Remember, understanding Al-Jahr and Al-Hams is crucial for precise Quranic recitation. Practicing these characteristics helps maintain the correct pronunciation and spiritual connection with the Quran